Typical Material Densities Actions on structures and typical material densities This article contains common material densities that are used on

Masonry Properties Masonry construction and its uses Masonry construction is common within the UK and other parts of the world,

Types of loads Structures are subjected to various types of loads, which have been categorized to Eurocode 1. These loads

What are the common types of building materials used? In the construction industry, the most commonly use materials are reinforced

Design Example to BS EN 1997 Pile Design to EC7 When the top soil is loose or soft, the load

Concrete properties What is Concrete Spalling? Spalling can be defined as “breaking down materials into smaller pieces, such as chips

Design Examples to BS EN 1993-1-1 How to design a steel beam This article will go over typical design examples

Concrete Admixtures What are Concrete Admixtures? Concrete admixtures are commonly used in reinforced concrete elements. Concrete admixtures or “additives” are

Understanding Slump Classes What is “Concrete Slump Class”? The concrete slump class refers to the workability and consistency of a

BS EN 1992-1-1 and concrete mixes How to specify concrete mix to EC2 Concrete mixes are specified in accordance to

Concrete Design in Flat Slabs What is Punching Shear? Punching shear is a failure mechanism in flat slabs and foundations,

Types of Nanomaterials Nanomaterials in concrete Nanomaterials can be defined as: “Material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or